Any of the logic values present on the 74152's data input pins can be selected by the 3-bit binary value present on the data select pins. The corresponding value will be routed to the 74152's output pin. 

The LS152 provides the ability, in one package, to select from eight sources of data or control information. The 74152 is not recommended for newer designs due to limited availability and production support. Please refer to the 74LS151 (8-input multiplexer) for a more readily available substitute.

Attaching the 8 source pins to digital sources / streams of information allows the designer to very easily select which source to enable, by use of three selecting pins, the result will appear on the chip's output.